RARE ASSIETTE EN PORCELAINE DE SÈVRES DU SERVICE DIT “DU PAPE”, - DELIVERED TO HIS MAJESTY NAPOLEON BONAPARTE AT FONTAINEBLEAU ON THE OCCASION OF POPE POPE VII'S VISIT FOR THE CORONATION
Hard porcelain plate, the center painted with an allegory of the Earth (Gaia) in white monochrome on a brown background, she is shown seated, holding a cornucopia and a globe, in a medallion surrounded by a polychrome wreath of flowers; the nankin-back marli with alternating polychrome decoration of medallions each containing a Gorgon's head and an antique-style figure in patinated bronze bas-relief on a veined white marble background, encircled by a wreath of leaves and separated by winged lightning bolts and palmettes. Old restorations.
Manufacture nationale de Sèvres, Consulate period, year XI (1802-1803).
Mark in red on reverse "Sevres / I I " for 11 (an XI).
D. 24 cm.
Provenance
Service called "fond nanquin, figures bas-relief, garlands of flowers" delivered "à Sa Majesté" on 24 brumaire de l'an XIII (15 novembre 1804) "pour Fontainebleau". The Sèvres archives specify that it was one of the "Pièces choisies par M. de Luçay, premier Préfet du Palais de Sa Majesté" (Arch. Sèvres, Vbb 2, 2).
History
Quelques jours avant l’arrivée du Pape Pie VII à Fontainebleau, Alexandre Brongniart, administrateur de la Manufacture impériale de Sèvres, écrivit à M. de Fleurieu, intendant général de la Maison de l’Empereur : « Mr le maréchal Duroc est venu lundi voir si la Manufacture pourrait envoyer de suite à Fontainebleau des services de table, et Mr. Mr. de Luçay, Prefect of the Palace, came on Tuesday evening to choose these services and recommend that we make sure they could be in Fontainebleau on the 30th of Brumaire without fail (...)". Time was indeed of the essence, as the Emperor was due to arrive in Fontainebleau on Frimaire 1 (November 22) to welcome the Holy Father. M. de Luçay thus chose two dessert services, one quite simple, decorated with a frieze of gold reeds, intended for the Grand Maréchal's table, the second much richer, intended for the table of the not-yet-sacred Emperor, with a nankin background, figures in bas-relief and garlands of flowers, of which our plate is a part.
Costing a total of 7,976 francs, it comprised 110 pieces: 72 plates, 24 compotiers (8 round, 8 oval, 8 octagonal), 2 sugar bowls, 2 jam dishes, 2 tripod iceboxes, 4 two-part baskets, 2 Jasmine baskets, 2 strawberry or cream bowls; it was also accompanied by a 14-piece cookie set. Begun in Vendémiaire year XI (September-October 1802), the service entered the Manufacture's sales warehouse on 13 Messidor year XII (July 2 1804). The painting of the figures was entrusted to Claude-Charles Gérard for 48 plates and to Etienne-Charles
Leguay for the remaining 24, each receiving 30 francs per plate. The flowers were painted by Jacques-Nicolas Sinsson, Gilbert Drouet and Charles-Théodore Buteux.
The service was used on the imperial table in Fontainebleau during the Pope's stay, hence its sometimes-used name "service du Pape", from 4 to 7 frimaire an XIII (November 25 to 28, 1804), a few days before Napoleon I's coronation. It then remained in Fontainebleau until 1814, although it is described as "mismatched" in the inventories, which explains why the Grand Maréchal did not take it to Elba. No one knows what happened to it afterwards, with the exception of three plates forgotten in a cupboard in the château's conciergerie, which were found in 1884. Today, the Château de Fontainebleau holds a few rare pieces in its collection: twelve plates (including one decorated with the same allegory of the Earth) and an octagonal footed compotier, from this service considered one of the most iconic of the First Empire.
Note
The Earth figure is based on an engraving published in Cesare Ripa's Iconologia in 1593 as one of the four allegories of the Elements, with the comment: "Elle que vous voyez icy assise & couronnée de fleurs, vous représente la Terre. She holds in her right hand a Globe & in her left a Horn of Plenty, full of all kinds of fruit..., she is painted as a Venable Lady, or if you like, fecund, to be, as the Poets say, the Mother of all animals and with a globe in her hand, to show that she is spherical and immobile. As for the Garland & the Horn of Plenty she bears, both signify that she abundantly produces all kinds of flowers and fruits, for the nourishment of living creatures."
Estim. 6,000 - 8,000 EUR